ZKsync Launches Atlas Upgrade, Achieves 15,000+ TPS and One-Second ZK Finality

ZKsync today rolled out the Atlas upgrade to its ZK Stack, a release the team says takes a major step toward a world of sovereign, enterprise chains that interoperate with cryptographic guarantees. The upgrade pairs a rebuilt, low-latency sequencer capable of sustaining industry-scale throughput with Airbender, ZKsync’s high-performance RISC-V proof system, unlocking block proofs at near real-time speeds and dramatically lowering the cost of proving transfers.

At the heart of Atlas is a new sequencer engineered for three priorities: throughput, latency and simplicity. The sequencer’s design strips away synchronous persistence and batch awareness, separates execution, API and proving state, and makes block replay trivial by being fully idempotent. Those architecture choices let the sequencer focus on getting transactions into blocks fast and reliably without dragging other components into every critical path.

ZKsync says in lab scenarios the sequencer can sustain well above 15,000 transactions per second in payment-style workloads and far higher in lighter-weight use cases, while keeping average inclusion times measured in hundreds of milliseconds. Complementing the sequencer is Airbender, the open-source RISC-V zkVM that ZKsync introduced earlier this year. Airbender’s promise is twofold: it compiles general programs to RISC-V and produces extremely fast, hardware-efficient proofs.

That combination lets ZK Stack chains generate succinct proofs at the network edge in roughly a second, giving counterparties immediate cryptographic assurance of execution while the proofs are later settled to Ethereum for full L1 finality. The result, ZKsync argues, is a system where trust flows from proofs rather than intermediaries; you verify a short proof instead of re-executing someone else’s chain.

Built for Real Markets

Those technical gains are not academic. ZKsync frames Atlas as infrastructure built for real markets that are increasingly going onchain. Tokenized funds and other real-world assets have moved into public chains at scale, BlackRock’s tokenized U.S. Treasury fund BUIDL surpassed $1 billion in assets earlier this year, and major fintechs are launching blockchain-native products that point toward the same trajectory.

Against that backdrop, ZKsync positions the ZK Stack as a toolkit for organizations that want to run private or permissioned infrastructure while tapping public liquidity and cryptographic settlement guarantees. The Atlas release also tightens the link between what runs and what’s proven. ZKsync rebuilt its execution component in Rust and compiles the same program to both x86 (for the sequencer) and RISC-V (for proving), so “what you execute is what you prove.”

That multi-target approach enables native EVM support today and leaves the door open for other VMs that compile to RISC-V. Economically, ZKsync projects prove an ERC-20 transfer could cost on the order of $0.0001, while the system can be tuned for different privacy, economic and access models depending on a builder’s needs.

Early Adoption

ZKsync’s roadmap anticipates testnets and mainnets adopting Atlas in the coming weeks, with early teams already exercising the new stack. The broader pitch is clear: high-performance sequencing plus near-real-time ZK proofs make it possible to run payments that feel like traditional rails while delivering cryptographic finality, shorten settlement cycles for tokenized securities and FX, and let private, regulated domains interoperate with public liquidity without exposing sensitive data.

In ZKsync’s telling, the endgame isn’t one mega-chain but many sovereign systems linked by proofs. For developers and enterprises watching the space, Atlas is an invitation to rethink tradeoffs. If one second of ZK finality becomes reliable and cheap enough, a lot of financial infrastructure that today tolerates multi-minute or multi-hour settlement windows could be redesigned for speed and auditable correctness.

ZKsync’s Atlas doesn’t claim to be the final word; the team itself says the sequencer is not yet fully optimized and more improvements are planned, but the upgrade is a substantive step toward the low-latency, high-assurance systems that many institutions have been asking for. As with any major protocol upgrade, the proof will be in adoption and real-world stress.

For now, Atlas gives builders a sharper toolset: a high-throughput sequencer, a flexible multi-VM proving pipeline, and Airbender’s fast proofs. Together they make the ZK Stack a practical platform for teams looking to issue and settle real-world assets, run global payments with near-instant settlement, and plug into Ethereum’s liquidity pool, a vision that, if it plays out, would bring more of global finance onto cryptographic rails.