Ethereum Team Activated Fusaka Update on the Mainnet

• Ethereum has launched the Fusaka update.
• Vitalik Buterin stressed that the hard fork is “literally sharding.”
• Its elements include PeerDAS, a new gas limit, and preparation for ZK-EVM.

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The Ethereum developers have officially launched the Fusaka update on the main network as planned, confirming the launch of the key scaling element — PeerDAS. The latter increases the data throughput for rollups by eight times.

https://twitter.com/ethereum/status/1996339856415342914?s=20

The update also includes improvements to the user experience through the use of the R1 curve and the pre-confirmation mechanism, as well as preparations for future gas limit increases and L1 optimizations.

Ethereum developers and community members said they will continue to monitor the stability of the update over the next 24 hours.

Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin called PeerDAS an important breakthrough for the network:

He recalled that the idea of sharding has existed since 2015, and the concept of data availability has been around since 2017:

At the same time, Buterin emphasized that Fusaka’s sharding is not yet complete and has three limitations:

• Processing a large number of transactions is possible on L2, but not on L1 — mature ZK-EVMs are required to scale the base level
• The builder still needs to have the full amount of data to create a block — in the future, decentralised block assembly is required
• The network does not have memepool sharding

Nevertheless, he called Fusaka “a fundamental step forward in blockchain design” and noted that the next two years will be devoted to scaling PeerDAS, expanding L2, and further increasing the L1 gas limit after the emergence of mature ZK-EVMs.

The update is the result of several months of preparation:

• In September 2025, the Ethereum Foundation announced the Fusaka audit competition on the Sherlock platform with a $2 million prize pool to identify possible vulnerabilities. The competition lasted four weeks
• In October, the Fusaka hard fork was activated on the Hoodi test network, which was the final stage of testing before launching on the mainnet

Amid preparations for the update, Ethereum raised the gas limit to 60 million in November, the highest in four years. More than 516,000 validators supported the change, ensuring that the limit was automatically increased at the protocol level.

At the same time, Buterin called for the “ossification” of the Ethereum base layer, stressing that innovation should move to L2, but that the blockchain’s growth will continue with “healthy” changes. He also warned that quantum computers could pose a serious threat to the blockchain by 2028.